Smart Water

• Smart Water Xtreme sensors have been designed to continuously monitoring.
• All sensor probes incorporate an integrated temperature sensor to compensate measurements. This process is called “integrated temperature compensation”.
• All sensors/probes incorporate calibration inside.
• Very low power consumption. Sleep mode available.
• Robust sensor probes: PVC and stainless steel.
• 5-6 bar pressure resistance.

• Optical and anti-fouling systems require less maintenance.
  Fouling effect occurs when there is organic materials in the water. It creates a “bio-film” which adheres to the probes and provokes wrong measurements → quality decreases
• Sensor probes do not require direct communication controller. Very low power consumption.
• Sensor length: 3,7 and 15 meters.
• Study of the water column by placing the sensors at different depths is possible.
• A variety of mounting accessories for each sensor are available to the customer, to be placed in pipes or tanks.
• Protective wildlife accessories are also available.

• It is highly recommendable to maintain the cleaning of sensors: every 2 weeks approximately.
• Sea installations require more frequent maintenance.
• There are some anti-fouling methods:
  • Optical technology.
  • Inductive technology.
  • Brushes
  • Copper coverage.
  • Led UV system.

* These are not 100% effective.

• There are some anti-fouling methods:
  • Optical technology.
  • Inductive technology.
  • Brushes
  • Copper coverage.
  • Led UV system.

Dissolved oxygen, pH level, redox (ORP), conductivity, salinity, TDS – Kcl (total dissolved solids), temperature, nephelometric turbidity, suspended solids, sludge blanket.

Ion selective probes: ammonium, nitrate, chloride, sodium and calcium.

Sensors for biochemical and organic levels: fluorometers for chlorophyll, phycocyanin (freshwater BGA), phycoerythrin (marine BGA), CDOM/fDOM (colored dissolved organic matter/ fluorescent dissolved organic matter.

TURBIDITY

Please be aware that turbidity IS NOT the same as suspended solids.

• Turbidity is measured in NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units).
• Suspended solids are measured in mg/l.

There are several factors which provoke water turbidity:

• Phytoplankton and/or algae presence.
• Effluent water or wastewater discharge.

Particles absorb heat from sunlight, making the water hotter and this reduces the concentration of oxygen in the water. The particles also scatter light, decreasing photosynthetic activity in plants which contribute to lower oxygen concentration even more.

Higher and quicker sedimentation process (in highly turbid waters), fish eggs and insect larvae in the river bed become covered and suffocate, the gills of the fish become damaged.

CONDUCTIVITY

• Usually suspended solids are salts. Total suspended solids can be “controlled” with conductivity.
• Generally the conductivity of a solution increases with temperature, as the mobility of the ions increases. Here lies the need for the “temperature compensation process”.

• Saline waters deteriorate sensors faster. Please pay attention to maintenance and replacement.

pH LEVEL

• pH is measured in scale from 0 (acid) to 14 (basic).
  • Fresh water: 7.0
  • Seawater: 8.2

• Aquatic species usually live in waters between 6.0 and 8.2

DISSOLVED OXYGEN

• Oxygen enters the water by direct absorption from the atmosphere, by rapid movement, or as a waste product of plant photosynthesis.
• Water temperature and the volume of moving water can affect dissolved oxygen levels. Oxygen dissolves easier in cooler water than in warmer water.

• Dissolved oxygen levels that drop below 5.0 mg/L cause stress to aquatic life. Lower concentrations cause greater stress.
• Oxygen levels below 1-2 mg/L for a few hours may result in large fish deaths.

BOD and COD cannot be measured with a probe directly. Instead, we can measure carbon levels.